François Jacob (French biologist)

François Jacob was a French biologist renowned for his groundbreaking work in genetics and molecular biology. He helped uncover how genes are regulated and expressed within cells, contributing to our understanding of how organisms develop and function. Jacob co-developed the "operon model," explaining how genes are turned on and off, which was vital for genetics. His research advanced knowledge about DNA, RNA, and proteins, shaping modern molecular biology. In 1965, he shared the Nobel Prize with Jacques Monod and André Lwoff for their discoveries about genetic regulation, emphasizing how cells control gene activity to respond to their environment.