Fractionation Towers

Fractionation towers are tall, specialized industrial columns used to separate a mixture of liquids—often crude oil—into its different components, like gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. The process relies on heating the mixture so that each component evaporates at a different temperature. As the vapors rise through the tower, cooler sections allow components with higher boiling points to condense and be collected, while lighter, more volatile parts stay as gases and are taken off at the top. This efficient separation enables the production of specific, useful fuels and chemicals from raw materials.