Fourth Periodic Table

The fourth periodic table row, or period, includes elements with 19 to 36 electrons. These elements are positioned across the fourth horizontal row, showcasing a progression in properties such as increasing atomic weight and complexity. They consist of metals like potassium and calcium, transition metals like iron and copper, and some metalloids. As you move across the period, elements tend to become less metallic and more nonmetallic. This arrangement helps scientists understand element relationships, predict behavior, and observe trends like reactivity and metallic character, forming a foundation for chemistry and material science.