Foundations of quantum mechanics

The foundations of quantum mechanics explore how tiny particles like electrons and photons behave, revealing phenomena that differ from everyday experience. Unlike classical objects, these particles exist in a combination of states until measured, which determines their properties—a concept called superposition. They also exhibit wave-particle duality and can be entangled, meaning their states become interconnected regardless of distance. The theory challenges our understanding of determinism and reality, relying on probabilistic rules to predict outcomes. Foundations research addresses these fundamental questions, aiming to clarify what the mathematical formalism says about the nature of the universe at its smallest scales.