Forward and Backward Planetary Protection

Forward and Backward Planetary Protection are protocols to prevent contamination between Earth and other celestial bodies. Forward Protection aims to avoid contaminating other planets or moons with Earth life, preserving their natural states for scientific study and potential habitability. Backward Protection safeguards Earth from potential extraterrestrial microbes brought back from space missions, preventing harmful material from entering our environment. These measures involve sterilizing space equipment, carefully planning exploration activities, and studying potential contaminants. Overall, they ensure the integrity of scientific research and protect planetary ecosystems and Earth's health.