Fortifications of the Great Wall of China

The fortifications of the Great Wall of China consist of walls, watchtowers, and defensive structures built over centuries to protect Chinese states from invasions and raids. These fortifications include stone, brick, tamped earth, and other materials, strategically placed along mountain ridges and plains. Watchtowers served as signals and observation posts, while walls created barriers for enemy movements. The Wall's design varied depending on terrain and military needs, functioning both as a defense system and a symbol of Chinese strength. Overall, these fortifications represent a complex military architecture aimed at border security and territorial control.