Formicinae

Formicinae is a large subfamily of ants known for their diverse species and unique traits. They typically have a single-node waist segment called a petiole and possess a specialized enzyme that allows them to produce and spray formic acid as a defense mechanism. Many formicine ants live in social colonies structured with queens, workers, and sometimes soldiers. They play important roles in ecosystems by aerating soil, controlling pests, and participating in mutualistic relationships, such as tending to aphids for honeydew. Examples include well-known ants like carpenter ants and garden ants.