formal specifications

Formal specifications are precise, mathematical descriptions of how a system should behave. They define what the system is supposed to do, including its functions, constraints, and interactions, using clear, unambiguous language or models. This helps ensure everyone involved understands requirements consistently and allows for rigorous verification that the system meets its intended design. Formal specifications reduce ambiguities common in natural language descriptions, making the development process more reliable and easier to analyze for correctness and completeness.