For coronary artery disease (CAD)

Coronary artery disease (CAD) occurs when the arteries supplying blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked due to the buildup of plaque, which consists of fat, cholesterol, and other substances. This reduces blood flow, potentially causing chest pain, shortness of breath, or heart attacks. Factors like high cholesterol, smoking, high blood pressure, and poor lifestyle choices increase the risk. CAD can often be managed with medications, lifestyle changes, and procedures like angioplasty or bypass surgery to restore healthy blood flow and prevent serious heart problems.