fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS)

Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) is a technique used to study how tiny particles, like molecules, move and behave in a small, illuminated spot. By shining a laser and tagging molecules with fluorescent markers, FCS measures fluctuations in fluorescence intensity over time as molecules diffuse in and out of the area. Analyzing these fluctuations reveals information about the number of molecules, their size, and how they interact, providing insights into biological processes such as binding events and molecular dynamics at a very detailed level.