Fluid inclusion thermometry

Fluid inclusion thermometry is a scientific method used to determine the temperature at which mineral-rich fluid pockets, called inclusions, formed inside rocks. These tiny fluid inclusions trap original minerals and liquids from geological processes. By gradually heating and cooling these inclusions under a microscope, scientists observe phase changes—like when liquids turn to vapor or solids melt—allowing them to estimate the original temperature conditions. This technique helps geologists understand the thermal history of rocks, volcanic activity, and the formation of mineral deposits, providing valuable clues about Earth's geological past.