Flotation theory

Flotation theory explains how particles or minerals separate from a mixture based on their ability to attach to bubbles and rise to the surface. In mineral processing, chemicals are added to create bubbles that stick selectively to certain valuable minerals. These mineral-laden bubbles then float to the surface, forming a concentrated layer called froth, which can be skimmed off. The process leverages differences in surface properties and hydrophobicity to efficiently separate desired minerals from waste material, making it a key technique in extracting metals and other valuable resources from ore.