flatfoot (pes planus)

Flatfoot, or pes planus, is a condition where the arch of the foot collapses or is absent, causing the entire foot to make contact with the ground when standing. This can lead to overpronation, uneven weight distribution, and potential discomfort or pain in the feet, ankles, and legs. It can be flexible (visible only when not weight-bearing) or rigid (permanent). Some people have flatfeet without symptoms, while others may experience fatigue, pain, or difficulty standing for long periods. Treatment options include supportive footwear, orthotics, exercises, or in rare cases, surgery.