flagellum

A flagellum is a slender, whip-like structure that some cells use to move through their environment. Composed of proteins, it extends from the cell's surface and rotates or whips back and forth to propel the organism forward. In microorganisms like bacteria, flagella enable navigation toward nutrients or away from harm. The structure functions like a tiny motor, powered by energy within the cell. Flagella are vital for mobility, helping cells find food, escape predators, or reach suitable habitats. They are an essential tool for many single-celled organisms to survive and thrive.