Fish immunology

Fish immunology is the study of how fish defend themselves against diseases and infections. Fish have both innate immunity, which provides immediate, non-specific protection, and adaptive immunity, which develops specific responses to particular pathogens. They produce immune cells and substances like antibodies, much like humans, to fight off bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Fish immune systems vary among species and are influenced by environment, age, and health. Understanding fish immunity is vital for aquaculture, helping improve fish health, prevent disease outbreaks, and promote sustainable fish farming practices.