FISH (Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization)

FISH (Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization) is a laboratory technique used to detect specific DNA or RNA sequences within cells. It involves attaching fluorescently labeled probes—small pieces of DNA or RNA designed to match a target sequence—to the genetic material. When these probes bind to their matching sequences in a cell sample, they can be seen under a special microscope with a fluorescence filter, highlighting the location of specific genes or chromosomes. This method helps scientists and doctors identify genetic abnormalities, diagnose diseases, or study chromosomal structures with high precision.