first-generation retroviral vectors

First-generation retroviral vectors are engineered viruses derived from the original retroviruses, used to deliver genetic material into cells. They are modified to remove harmful genes and replace them with therapeutic or research genes. These vectors can insert their new genetic payload into the DNA of dividing cells, making them useful for gene therapy. However, they have limitations, such as potential safety concerns like unwanted insertion into the genome, which might activate harmful genes, and they can only infect dividing cells. Despite these issues, they played a crucial role in advancing gene transfer techniques.