Figure-ground theory

Figure-ground theory is a concept from visual perception explaining how we distinguish objects from their backgrounds. When looking at an image, our brain automatically identifies a "figure" (the main object of focus) and separates it from the "ground" (the background). This process helps us interpret complex visual scenes by emphasizing important elements and de-emphasizing less relevant surroundings. For example, in a black-and-white image, you might see a person (figure) standing out against a neutral background (ground). This principle is fundamental in art, design, and visual communication, enabling us to quickly organize and interpret what we see.