Fibonacci heap

A Fibonacci heap is an advanced data structure used to efficiently handle priority-based operations like finding, inserting, or removing the smallest element. It organizes data into a collection of trees with flexible shapes, allowing quick updates and merging of heaps. Its key advantage is that some operations, especially decreasing a key or merging heaps, are very fast on average, making it popular for algorithms like Dijkstra's shortest path. While more complex than simple heaps, Fibonacci heaps excel when many decrease-key operations are needed, providing better overall performance in such scenarios.