Ferroelectric materials

Ferroelectric materials are special substances that can hold an electric polarization—a separation of positive and negative charges—in a specific direction even after an external electric field is removed. This property allows them to be used in devices like memory storage, sensors, and actuators. Their behavior is similar to how some magnets can retain a magnetic field without an ongoing magnetic influence, but in these materials, the polarization involves electric charges within the material. Ferroelectrics can switch their polarization direction when an electric field is applied, making them valuable for controlling electronic signals.