Federal subjects of Russia

Federal subjects of Russia are the country's main administrative divisions, each with its own level of government authority. There are 85 such subjects, including republics, territories (krais), regions (oblasts), cities of federal significance, autonomous areas, and autonomous districts. Republics have a high degree of independence and often represent specific ethnic groups. Regions and territories are administrative regions with local governments. Cities of federal significance, like Moscow and Saint Petersburg, are major urban centers with special status. Autonomous districts are smaller areas with cultural or ethnic identities. Together, these subjects form the constitutional structure of Russia, organizing governance across the vast nation.