Feather (bird structure)

Feathers are specialized keratinous structures that cover a bird's body, serving various functions such as flight, insulation, and display. Composed of a central shaft called the rachis, with barbs branching off to form the vane, feathers are lightweight—optimized for aerodynamics and warmth. They develop from follicles in the skin and are continuously replaced through molting. Different types of feathers, like contour, down, and flight feathers, are adapted for specific roles, allowing birds to fly, stay warm, and communicate visually. Their intricate structure is key to a bird’s survival and versatility.