Far-field radiation

Far-field radiation refers to the part of a wave emitted by an antenna or source that travels outward and spreads out into space, far enough from the source so that the wave fronts are approximately flat. In this region, the electromagnetic waves maintain a consistent pattern and intensity diminishes predictably with distance. It’s where measurements of signal strength and directionality are most meaningful for applications like radio, TV, or satellite communications. Essentially, far-field is the zone where the wave’s behavior simplifies, allowing engineers to analyze and optimize the performance of antennas and communication systems effectively.