F region

The F region is a layer of the Earth's ionosphere, located high above the Earth's surface, roughly between 150 and 600 miles up. It contains a high concentration of free electrons, which can reflect radio waves, allowing long-distance communication. This region is most active during the daytime and when solar activity is high, as sunlight ionizes the particles. The F region plays a key role in radio signal propagation, enabling signals to travel beyond the horizon. It shifts and varies with time, season, and solar activity, influencing the quality and reach of radio communications worldwide.