Eye physiology

The eye functions like a camera, capturing light and sending images to the brain. Light enters through the cornea, then passes through the pupil, which adjusts size to control brightness. The lens focuses the light onto the retina, a layer of cells at the back of the eye. The retina converts the light into electrical signals that travel via the optic nerve to the brain, where they are interpreted as images. The eye also has muscles that move it in different directions and fluids that maintain its shape and pressure for clear vision.