exons

Exons are segments of a gene that contain the actual instructions for building proteins. When a gene is expressed, it is transcribed into RNA, and exons are the parts that remain in the final messenger RNA (mRNA). These exons are then used as a template to assemble amino acids into proteins. In contrast, non-coding regions called introns are typically removed during this process. Essentially, exons are the coding sequences that determine the structure and function of proteins, making them crucial for how our cells operate and develop.