exciton theory

Exciton theory describes how energy moves within certain materials, particularly in semiconductors and solar cells. When light hits these materials, it excites electrons, creating a bound state with the leftover positive charge called an exciton. Think of it as a tiny, energy-carrying pair that travels through the material without separating. This movement helps transfer energy efficiently, which is essential in devices like solar panels and LEDs. Excitons are fundamental to understanding how materials convert light into electricity or produce light, enabling advancements in electronic and photonic technologies.