European Train Control System (ETCS)

The European Train Control System (ETCS) is a digital signaling technology that ensures trains run safely and efficiently across various European rail networks. It continuously monitors and communicates with trains, controlling their speed and preventing collisions or derailments by automatically enforcing safety limits. ETCS replaces traditional lineside signals with onboard computers and unified radio communication, allowing trains from different countries to operate seamlessly on shared tracks. This system improves safety, increases capacity, and enables more reliable and interoperable rail services across Europe.