Euler's Work on Graphs

Euler's work on graphs laid the foundation for graph theory, a branch of mathematics focused on networks of points (called vertices) connected by lines (called edges). He studied problems like the Seven Bridges of Königsberg, analyzing whether one could traverse each bridge exactly once. This work introduced key concepts such as paths, circuits, and connectivity, helping to understand how networks function. Euler's insights paved the way for modern applications including traffic routing, computer networks, and social connections, illustrating how complex systems can be modeled and analyzed through simple structures.