Eukaryotic genes

Eukaryotic genes are segments of DNA located within the nucleus of plant, animal, and fungus cells that carry instructions for making proteins. These genes are organized into complex structures called chromosomes. When a gene is active, it is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA), which then guides the production of specific proteins essential for the cell's functions and traits. Eukaryotic genes can be regulated, meaning their activity can be turned on or off depending on the cell’s needs, allowing organisms to develop, adapt, and maintain their biological processes effectively.