Ethical Just War Theory

Just War Theory is a moral framework guiding when and how it's acceptable to go to war. It states that war must be a last resort, fought for a just cause (like protecting innocence or defending against aggression), and conducted with proper authority. The conduct during war must also be proportionate and discriminate, avoiding harm to civilians whenever possible. Essentially, it seeks to balance the necessity of conflict with ethical limits, ensuring that war is justified, responsible, and minimizes unnecessary suffering.