ETA (Basque Separatist Group)

ETA (Euskadi Ta Askatasuna) was a Basque separatist organization founded in 1959, advocating for independence for the Basque Country in Spain and France. Originally formed as a cultural and political movement, it evolved into an armed group committed to achieving Basque independence through violence, including bombings, assassinations, and kidnappings. ETA aimed to establish an independent Basque state, opposing Spanish and French authority. Over decades, its campaign caused numerous casualties and widespread controversy. In 2018, ETA declared a definitive ceasefire and disbanded, marking the end of its insurgent activities and a significant step toward peace in the region.