Essentialism in sociology

Essentialism in sociology is the idea that certain traits, behaviors, or characteristics are innate or natural to specific groups, such as based on gender, race, or ethnicity. It suggests these qualities are fixed and universally true, shaping how society perceives and treats individuals. Critics argue that this perspective overlooks the influence of social, cultural, and environmental factors, and can reinforce stereotypes or inequality. Instead, many sociologists emphasize that identities and behaviors are socially constructed and can change over time, promoting a more nuanced understanding of human diversity.