ESPRIT Algorithm

ESPRIT (Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques) is an algorithm used in signal processing to identify frequencies or sources within a complex signal. It works by analyzing the data from sensor arrays to detect patterns indicating different signal components. The method leverages the property that subspaces of the signal data have a specific rotational invariance—meaning parts of the data rotate in predictable ways if signals have certain frequencies. By exploiting this, ESPRIT efficiently estimates parameters like signal frequencies or directions of arrival with high accuracy, especially in noisy environments.