espionage and terrorism

Espionage is the clandestine collection of confidential information about a government, organization, or individual, often for political or military advantage. It involves spies or intelligence agents gathering secrets without permission. Terrorism, on the other hand, involves the use of violence or threats to create fear and achieve ideological, political, or religious goals. Terrorist acts target civilians or infrastructure to influence governments or societies. Both are serious threats to security—espionage exploits secrecy and information, while terrorism aims to intimidate or destabilize through violence.