ESM (Earth System Models)

Earth System Models (ESMs) are sophisticated computer simulations that represent the interactions between Earth's atmosphere, oceans, land, ice, and ecosystems. They use complex equations to mimic natural processes and predict how the planet responds to factors like greenhouse gas emissions. ESMs help scientists understand climate change, project future environmental conditions, and inform policy decisions. By integrating various components of the Earth's system, these models provide a comprehensive view of the complex and interconnected processes shaping our environment.