Eritrean independence

Eritrean independence was achieved after a long struggle against Ethiopian rule, rooted in Eritrea’s desire for self-determination. From the 1960s to 1993, Eritreans fought a protracted armed liberation movement, led by the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF), against Ethiopia’s central government, which had annexed Eritrea in 1962. After years of conflict, a peace agreement was signed in 1991, and Eritrea officially gained independence in 1993 following a UN-supervised referendum where most voters chose to be sovereign. This marked the end of Eritrea’s colonial and territorial conflict, establishing it as a separate, independent nation.