Erdős–Rényi Graph

An Erdős–Rényi graph is a type of mathematical model used to represent networks where nodes (points) are connected randomly. Imagine starting with a set of dots, and then, for every pair of dots, you flip a coin to decide if you connect them with a line. The likelihood of a connection is determined by a fixed probability. This randomness helps researchers study properties of networks like social connections, computer networks, or biological systems, allowing analysis of how complex structures form and behave when connections are made unpredictably.