Equivalence Relations

An equivalence relation is a way to group items so that certain rules are met. Specifically, it groups elements based on a specific criterion, ensuring that the grouping is consistent and logical. There are three main properties: reflexivity (every item is related to itself), symmetry (if item A is related to item B, then B is related to A), and transitivity (if A is related to B, and B is related to C, then A is related to C). These properties ensure that the groups are well-defined, and all items in a group are considered equivalent under the relation.