epidemiological research methods

Epidemiological research methods study how diseases spread, who is affected, and what factors influence health outcomes. Researchers observe populations through methods like surveys, interviews, and analyzing health records to identify patterns and causes of illnesses. They may conduct studies such as cohort studies, which follow groups over time, or case-control studies, comparing those with and without a disease. These methods help identify risk factors, evaluate prevention strategies, and guide public health policies, ultimately aiming to improve community health and prevent future illnesses.