Epidemiologic Transition

Epidemiologic transition describes the shift in disease patterns as societies develop. Initially, infectious diseases like cholera and tuberculosis are leading causes of death, often linked to poor sanitation and limited medical care. As health systems improve and living conditions rise, these decrease, and chronic, non-communicable diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer become more common causes of mortality. This transition reflects societal progress, changing lifestyles, and medical advancements, highlighting a movement from infectious to chronic illnesses as primary health challenges in a population.