EPB (Earth Pressure Balance) TBM

An Earth Pressure Balance (EPB) Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) is a specialized construction tool used to excavate tunnels beneath the ground. It works by balancing the pressure exerted by the soil with the pressure of a controlled, pressurized mixture of excavated material and additives in front of the machine's cutter head. This prevents the tunnel walls from collapsing while allowing the machine to advance steadily. The EPB TBM is especially effective in soft, water-saturated soils, as it maintains stability, controls ground deformation, and ensures safe, efficient tunnel construction underground.