Enzyme specificity

Enzyme specificity refers to an enzyme’s ability to selectively catalyze a particular chemical reaction or act on a specific substrate. Think of enzymes as biological lock-and-key mechanisms: each enzyme (the lock) is designed to fit a specific substrate (the key). This precise fit ensures the enzyme facilitates only its intended reaction, making biological processes efficient and regulated. Factors like the shape of the enzyme’s active site and chemical compatibility determine this specificity, which is vital for maintaining proper function in living organisms.