Enzyme Cofactors

Enzyme cofactors are non-protein molecules or ions that assist enzymes in catalyzing chemical reactions. They help stabilize the enzyme structure or participate directly in the reaction process, allowing enzymes to function efficiently. Cofactors can be inorganic substances, such as metal ions like zinc or magnesium, or organic molecules called coenzymes, like vitamins. Without these cofactors, many enzymes would be inactive or less effective. They are essential for the proper biological activity of enzymes, ensuring that vital processes like metabolism and energy production proceed smoothly.