Energy Function

An energy function is a mathematical tool used in various fields like physics, machine learning, and optimization to evaluate the "cost" or "stability" of a system's state. It assigns a numerical value to a configuration, where lower values typically indicate more favorable, stable, or optimal states. By analyzing the energy function, systems can find the best or most efficient arrangements, similar to how a ball rolls downhill to settle in the lowest point. This concept helps in understanding how systems behave and how to guide them toward desired outcomes.