endurance running theory

Endurance running theory explores how athletes sustain prolonged effort by optimizing energy systems, muscle efficiency, and cardiovascular function. It emphasizes adaptations like increased mitochondrial density (improving energy production), efficient fuel utilization, and improved oxygen delivery. Training focuses on progressively enhancing these qualities to delay fatigue, enabling sustained pace over long distances. Factors such as pacing strategy, nutrition, and mental resilience also play vital roles. Overall, endurance running theory integrates physiology, biomechanics, and psychology to help athletes run efficiently and maintain performance over extended periods.