End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)

End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is the final phase of chronic kidney disease, where the kidneys severely lose their ability to filter waste, excess fluids, and maintain balance in the body. This results in dangerous levels of toxins and fluid buildup, leading to symptoms like fatigue, swelling, and difficulty breathing. At this stage, the kidneys are no longer effective, and patients typically require dialysis or a kidney transplant to survive. ESRD indicates that kidney function is nearly complete loss, demanding intense medical treatment to sustain life and maintain health.