emission lines

Emission lines are specific colors of light emitted by atoms or molecules when their electrons jump from higher to lower energy levels. When energy—such as heat, light, or radiation—is absorbed, electrons move to excited states. As they return to their normal states, they release energy as light at precise wavelengths, creating bright lines in a spectrum. These lines serve as fingerprints, helping scientists identify the elements present in stars, galaxies, and other celestial objects. Emission lines are fundamental to understanding the composition and physical conditions of distant astronomical environments.