ELISA assays

An ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) is a lab test used to detect specific substances, like antibodies or proteins, in a sample such as blood. It works by attaching the target molecule to a surface, then adding a special antibody that binds to it. This antibody has an enzyme attached, which reacts with a color-changing substance. When the reaction occurs, it produces a visible color change proportional to the amount of target in the sample. ELISAs are widely used for diagnosing diseases, monitoring immune responses, and detecting various biological molecules accurately.