Electronegativity difference

Electronegativity difference refers to how strongly two atoms attract electrons when they form a chemical bond. If their electronegativity values are similar, they share electrons more equally, resulting in a nonpolar bond. If one atom’s electronegativity is much higher, it pulls the shared electrons closer, creating a polar bond with partial positive and negative charges. Large differences lead to ionic bonds, where electrons are transferred completely. This concept helps explain how different substances form and their properties, such as solubility and reactivity.